The report "Gender Equality, the new aid environment and CSOs" was researched and written by the Gender & Development Network (GADN) because of a growing concern about the fast changing aid structures, such as direct budget support, pooled funding schemes for supporting civil society and other forms of donor alignment and their possible implications for work on gender equality and women?s rights issues, in the Global North and South. The report highlights some of the key questions emerging for civil society around the way the new aid systems promote, marginalise or exclude gender equality and women's rights issues, as well as developing themes for future targeted research. The report reflects the voices of organisations working for gender equality and women's rights from around the world. It conveys the diversity and complexity of the issues around the new aid modalities and how these differ across countries and continents; it also shows some of the unintended consequences of new aid modalities. Above all, it reveals that many women's organisations and those focused on challenging gender inequality feel threatened as the focus of funding moves in the direction of larger grants, tighter, short term targets, demonstrable and scaled-up results, and intensive administration.