Background paper prepared in May 2007 for the Commonwealth Secretariat by Dr Robert Carr, Caribbean Centre of Communication for Development, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Jamaica Commonwealth Secretariat.

This document, represents the gender analysis that was conducted on Tanzania's 2003-2004 National Budget. The study conducted by Tanzania Gender Networking Programme (TGNP) opens with characteristics of a gender-sensitive and pro-poor budget and continues with the analysis of Tanzania's 2003-2004 revenues and expenditures. It includes recommendations for more equitable and pro-poor budgeting, priority sectors, health, agriculture and water, within Tanzania.

The gender budgeting guidelines for girls' education were developed by the Ethiopian Minsitry of Finance and Ministry of Education in 2009 to provide guidance to planners and budget experts in their decision making in resource allocation to achieve girls' equal access to education at all levels.

This report presents research on the costs of implementing South Africa's Domestic Violence Act (DVA), with a focus on quantifying missing personnel costs. It describes the methodology used in the research, the process required to obtain a protection order and the time taken at each step. The authors discuss factors impeding the execution of the DVA, such as the role of criminal justice employees. They also offer recommendations to secure an adequate budget to implement the DVA.

The following short paper by FOWODE published in 2003 provides a gender analysis of the health budget in Uganda. The paper briefly discusses health indicators in Uganda since the implementation of the Health Sector Strategic Plan (HSSP), poverty reduction interventions and additional health sector reforms. The paper outlines some of the challenges and disparities in accessibility and use of health facilities, analyzes Uganda's health policy and makes recommendations for the health sector.

This issue paper explores the linkages between Violence against Women (VAW), public security and health. The authors argue that VAW can only be addressed if sufficient attention is given to underlying gender issues in all relevant sectors. The paper presents the innovative inter-sectoral interventions adopted in Mozambique in response to VAW and concludes with recommendations for public investments and budget allocations to ensure their expansion and sustainability. "