This toolkit follows the transfer of public funds from central to local governments until they reach users such as schools and clinics. It explains how a public expenditure tracking system operates and how it can benefit marginalized groups. With this toolkit local communities can track the inputs, outputs, and outcomes of particular government services, and determine the gender-specific distribution of benefits from those services.

Background paper prepared in May 2007 for the Commonwealth Secretariat by Dr Robert Carr, Caribbean Centre of Communication for Development, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Jamaica Commonwealth Secretariat.

This note provides an overview of existing gender equality markers and reviews issues relating to the tracking and monitoring of investments related to gender equality and women’s empowerment. It is intended as an input into the development of a guidance note for the UN system on principles and standards for the design, implementation and reporting systems on investments that support gender equality and women’s empowerment in the UN system.

Background paper prepared for the Commonwealth Secretariat in May 2007 by Debbie Budlender, Community Agency for Social Enquiry, Cape Town, South Africa. This paper attempts to make the case for financing gender equality for development, and to explore how this can be done. Because the issues related to financing gender equality for development are so numerous, the paper obviously cannot discuss all in equal detail. It thus pays particular attention to the ways in which the context of such financing has been changing.

Using country-level data, the paper estimates the costs of interventions aimed at promoting gender equality and women's empowerment in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Ghana, Tanzania, and Uganda. It then uses these estimates to calculate the costs of such interventions in other low-income countries. Finally, the paper projects the financing gap for interventions that aim directly at achieving gender equality, first for the five countries, and subsequently for all low-income countries

This paper was commissioned by UNRISD as a contribution to its ongoing research project on Gender and Social Policy. The paper compares the practice of gender-responsive budget initiatives with the claims and expectations about what they can achieve.

This case study was compiled by Debbie Budlender based on presentations by Raquel Coello, and Leire Lopez, during UNIFEM/UNFPA GRB Workshops in Cape Town and Bangkok, April and June 2006. One of the ways in which Latin America's GRB initiatives are different from those in other regions and countries is that most of the GRB work has happened at local level. Further, the Latin American initiatives have often emphasized participation of women in decision-making, building upon the mainstream participatory budget initiatives which already exist in the region.

This report maps the degree to which European Union donors from Austria, Netherlands, Poland, Spain and the UK comply with the commitments they made in the Paris Declaration and the Accra Agenda for Action, and the impact this has on gender equality and women's human rights. While each of the five Paris Declaration principles offers concrete opportunities to advance the gender profile, the report focuses on democratic ownership and mutual accountability as the most political and with the biggest potential to reduce the gaps and empower women.

This analysis provides a ground-breaking look into the gender dimensions of the emerging climate finance architecture and highlights opportunities for more gender responsive investments in national climate and development strategies.

This briefing paper highlights main concerns and opportunities that increased general budget support present for gender equity work in EU partner countries. It discusses what EU gender equity commitments and attempts to operationalize them have to say about how gender responsive budgeting could be used as a tool to engender general budget support. The concluding sections summarize lessons learnt on engendering general budget support through GRB, and provide recommendations for action that women's organizations could advocate and/or support.