This guide was developed in Kyrgyzstan to conduct appropriate training seminars among staff of ministries and agencies responsible for the development and implementation of social and economic policy. Guide covers a wide range of issues: the basic theory of gender equality, international standards and national obligations, the introduction of a gender perspective in the planning and implementation of sectoral policies and gender budgeting.

This fact sheet was produced by UNIFEM in 2007 under the UNIFEM sub -regional programme "Gender-Responsive Budgeting in South East Europe: Advancing Gender Equality and Democratic Governance through Increased Transparency and Accountability launched in late 2006. The programme includes Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, and Serbia. In the Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) of Macedonia, UNIFEM carried out a needs assessment of the budgetary processes and public finance reforms in October 2006.

The manual is addressed to representatives of civil society and aimed at increasing their participation in the development of local development programs and gender mainstreaming in the process. The publication presents the steps to formulate a development plan at the district level and discusses methods of gender analysis of the situation. It also identifies key challenges and opportunities in planning and budgeting process and includes the main strategic directions of development and planning for implementation of the plan.

The following report, published by The Nordic Council of Ministers, is part of a Nordic cooperation project that strives to contribute to the integration of a gender and equality perspective into Nordic financial policy. The report, which was distributed at a Gender budgeting seminar with over 70 governmental participants, outlines a number of examples of methods that are used in the Nordic countries and internationally, in order to compare gender equality analyses, including a gender perspective on the allocation of resources as well as understanding equality within different sectors.

The subject of this analysis is the budget process in the Republic of Macedonia (RM), with emphasis on the reforms of budget policies in terms of gender equality and determining entrance points for integration of the gender into the budgeting process. The analysis focused on reviewing the Budget of RM for 2009, 2010 and 2011, with a description of the budgeting process and a review of the reforms of the budget process towards the implementation of programorientedbudgeting.